Comma

Scientific Name: 
Polygonia c-album

The Comma is a medium-sized orange and brown butterfly. It is on the wing throughout the year, having several broods, and over-winters as an adult. The Comma is a common and widespread butterfly of woodland edges, particularly during the spring and autumn. The caterpillars feed on Common Nettles, elms and willows.

How to identify: 
The Comma is unmistakeable: ragged-shaped, orange wings with brown spots distinguish it from similar species. The caterpillars have brown and white flecks which make them look like bird-droppings and help to camouflage them.
Where to find it: 
Found across England and Wales, but only just spreading into southern Scotland.
How people can help: 

The Comma has made a remarkable comeback during recent times and is now widespread in woodlands and even gardens. The Wildlife Trusts manage many woodland nature reserves for the benefit of butterflies: a mix of coppicing, scrub-cutting, ride maintenance and non-intervention all help woodland wildlife to thrive. You can help too: volunteer for your local Wildlife Trust and you could be involved in everything from traditional forest crafts to surveying for butterflies.

Statistics: 
Wingspan: 5-6.4cm
Conservation status: 
Common.
Did you know?: 
Having suffered major declines, this was once a very rare butterfly restricted to the Welsh borders. However, in the past 30 years or so, the Comma has spread and become a common butterfly of woodland edges.
Seasons: 
Spring
Summer
Autumn
Winter
When to see
Start date: 
January
End date: 
December
Image: 
Comma butterfly - David Londshaw